Hi Lesley,
The Mozscape index includes both pages that we crawl and pages that we discover links to from crawled pages but do not crawl. We compute Page Authority for both sets of pages, but can only include links from pages we crawl. In this case, these are pages that we discovered by crawling other pages but did not crawl them until you tweeted the URLs.
Regarding using traffic data in search ranking and PA/DA: you are correct that we do not use Google Analytics data from one campaign in another campaign for the privacy reasons you mentioned. I'd also be surprised if Google uses traffic data from Google Analytics directly in ranking. In any case, since PA/DA are link authority metrics they only include link based metrics and do not use traffic or any of the other ranking signals (e.g. on page content, brand metrics, etc). To analyze some of these other factors you can use our Keyword Difficulty tool (http://moz.com/researchtools/keyword-difficulty). That said, while links are only a piece of the overall Google ranking algorithm they are still generally regarded to be the most important piece (e.g. see the survey and correlation results from our Ranking Factors study: http://moz.com/search-ranking-factors).