Thanks EGOL for the detailed answer and sorry for my late reply- just coming back from vacation
It is clear to me that the question cannot just be easily answered by a number. I understand this and I wish my clients/supervisors would do that too - but that's a different story...
I am trying to get an rough estimation anyway, assuming that all other factors (on-the-page factors, words on page, quality of the content, social signals, age of the domian etc.) of the competitor's page/site are exactly the same as on my page/site and these factors would not move. Economists call this "ceteris paribus" analysis.
P.S. I've been in the business now for a while, but just starting to use SEOMoz (we used other tools before) - the ressources on this website and especially this question section is just simply awesome!!