It's a great question and as the article Andy mentioned points out, there are benefits to optimizing your titles and metas for mobile.  However if the site is responsive, then there is only one page and therefore only one title and description.  If you serve different versions then you can do it.  You'd need to host the mobile version on something like m.example.com or do what Google calls "Dynamically Serving Different HTML On The Same URL".  You can learn more here: https://developers.google.com/webmasters/smartphone-sites/details.

-M

Agreed with Oleg.   On the Time and Quartz pages you are essentially looking at their blog index.  Their CMS (content management system) does some fancy footwork to show the url of the post you happen to be looking at.  It isn't one page with a different URL for each section.

If you are using a CMS like WordPress, Drupal or Joomla, you can create content (posts) for the material, applications and types, and then list them on pages for the customer type.  If not, you can simply make pages like Oleg suggested.

You can get links from many colleges and universities, but the process is time consuming.  Make sure that you (or your client) is administering the scholarship, and not another organization.  Most schools will have an "External Awards" page and you can get links.  Typically the administrators in the Financial Services/Awards are the ones who can get results, but I have found that they need to be approached individually, and the content of the emails tailored to them and their school.

Additionally, if your award is geared toward a certain segment of the student population, look at faculty or department sites as well as clubs or organizations for awards pages or blogs as well.