How can a page rank for keywords that it does not have on it?

[woodchuckarts]

I have a client that is ranking in the top 10 for several keywords on their homepage. Their site has no purposeful SEO in it, there is barely any text on the homepage at all and none of the text are the keywords it is ranking for.

[vezaus]

Can you describe your more detailed search in more detail? I also noticed that Moz misses a lot of backlinks

[Martijn_Scheijbeler]

Look outside of the data of Moz from time to time, Google Search Console and Bing Webmaster Tools might sometimes be able to already get you so many great insights for smaller sites that Moz doesn't have (because they're not crawling the whole web, vs. search engines doing that).

[woodchuckarts]

Thank you for your responses!

They have 4 #1 rankings and 8 in the top 10. My company did not design their website, but they are interested in getting more content and would like to focus more on SEO now. I was just surprised and baffled by what they already had. Part of the reason for my confusion was that the reports I received from Moz did not show many backlinks and no anchor text. We found several when doing a deeper search on our own. After that deeper search, their SEO makes more sense.

[David-Kley]

Backlinks. Anchor text. Find people that will link to you using the words you want to rank for.

"Their site has no purposeful SEO in it, there is barely any text on the homepage at all and none of the text are the keywords it is ranking for."

The above statement is concerning. If they have a good budget, as their SEO and design advisor I would say what needs to be said. Text can be added in a stylized way to help improve the SEO of any site without taking away from a good design. Google likes words, not CSS and images. Without a reference, it's hard to judge what can be improved, and how you should go about suggesting it to your client. You also mentioned rankings, but what do those rankings look like? Are we talking page one, or top 3?

[LureCreative]

Backlinks and Anchor Text. For example if you Google "click here" you will see alot of businesses that do not have "click here" on there website or meta title, but they have a lot of websites linking to them with the anchor text "click here", as an example.